Vocabulary list
lack - to not have something, or not have
enough of something: An animal cell
lacks cell walls.
share - to have the same interest/opinion, etc
as someone else: All plants share certain characteristics.
enable - to make someone able to do
something, or to make something possible: Many body functions enable
animals to maintain homeostasis.
vertebral
column / backbone
- a spine, the line of bones down the centre of animal’s back
vertebrate - an animal that has a spine /invertebrate - an animal with
no spine: Invertebrates, such as worms, are the main diet
of these water birds.
bilateral
symmetry - the fact of the two halves of something on either side of a
particular line being exactly the same / radial symmetry - the
condition of having similar parts regularly arranged around a central axis
homeostasis - internal conditions remain stable and relatively
constant.
body
cavity - any
fluid-filled space in a multicellular organism other than those of vessels.
All members of kingdom Animalia share certain
characteristics. Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells
lack cell walls. The bodies of most animals contain tissues. Over 95 percent of
all animal species are often grouped in a single, informal category:
invertebrates. Invertebrates are animals that have no backbone, or vertebral
column. The other 5 percent of animals are called vertebrates, because they
have a backbone.
Animals carry out the following essential functions:
feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and
reproduction. The study of the functions of organisms is called physiology. The
structure, or anatomy, of an animal’s body enables it to carry out
physiological functions. Many body functions help animals maintain homeostasis.
Homeostasis is often maintained by internal feedback mechanisms. Most of these
mechanisms involve feedback inhibition, in which the product or result of a
process stops or limits the process. Complex animals tend to have high levels
of cell specialization and internal body organization, bilateral symmetry, a
front end or head with sense organs, and a body cavity.
Answer the questions:
What is an animal?
What animals can be called invertebrates?
What essential
physiological functions do animals carry out?
What type of symmetry do vertebrates have?
1.Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells lack cell walls.
ОтветитьУдалить2.Invertebrates are animals that have no backbone, or vertebral column.
3.Animals carry out the following essential functions: feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction.
4.Vertebrates have bilateral symmetry.